NAD+

Also known as Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, Coenzyme I

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a central redox coenzyme for cellular energy metabolism and DNA repair, used in compounded injectable form with limited rigorous trial support.

Molecular weight663.43 g/mol

Half-lifeNot well defined for exogenous NAD+; tissue NAD+ turnover is rapid (hours), and infused NAD+ is metabolized quickly.

CategoryLongevity

Typical use cases

✓ Cellular energy support✓ Longevity/anti-aging research✓ Mitochondrial function✓ Cognitive/recovery wellness use

Dosing guidelines

StartingSubcutaneous: commonly 20–50 mg, 1–3×/week (start low). IV: commonly 250–500 mg per infusion in wellness/clinical settings.

MaintenanceSubcutaneous ~50–100 mg per dose, 1–3×/week; IV 500 mg often given over consecutive days then weekly/monthly.

Max (studied)Hedge — IV protocols range up to ~1000–1500 mg per drip; no approved or standardized ceiling exists.

Titration

Titrate up gradually (e.g. +20 mg every 1–2 weeks) to tolerance; slow IV infusion to limit reactions.

Reconstitution

NAD+ vials are large (100 / 250 / 750 mg); typically reconstitute ~100 mg in 1–2 mL bacteriostatic water, or dilute into saline for IV.

Injection sites

Subcutaneous (abdomen/thigh) or intramuscular for self-injection; intravenous infusion in clinics (slow drip to reduce flushing/chest tightness).

Storage & handling

Lyophilized: stable months cool/dark, longer frozen. Reconstituted: refrigerate (2–8 °C).

Side effects

Flushing / warmth during infusion Mild · Common
Chest tightness or pressure with rapid IV Moderate · Common
Nausea / abdominal cramping Mild · Common
Injection-site pain or redness (subQ/IM) Mild · Common
Lightheadedness / transient blood-pressure change Moderate · Uncommon

Research summary

NAD+ is an essential coenzyme that shuttles electrons in redox reactions and serves as a substrate for sirtuins and PARPs involved in metabolism, mitochondrial function and DNA repair; its precursors (NMN, NR) are studied for age-related NAD+ decline. Injectable/IV NAD+ is popular in wellness settings, but direct human evidence for systemic benefit is limited and mostly small or uncontrolled; oral bioavailability of intact NAD+ is poor, which is part of the rationale for injection. Rapid IV infusion commonly causes transient flushing, chest tightness and nausea. Educational only — not medical advice.

Key references

Covarrubias et al., Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. (2021) — NAD+ metabolism and its roles in ageing
Grant et al., Front. Aging Neurosci. (2019) — pilot study of IV NAD+ pharmacokinetics

Related compounds

5-Amino-1MQ → MOTS-c → Epitalon

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Educational reference only — not medical advice. Dosing figures are commonly-cited ranges, not prescriptions. Consult a qualified clinician.

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